EXPLORING THE EFFECTS OF DRIP IRRIGATION VS. FLOOD IRRIGATION ON WATER USE EFFICIENCY AND TOMATO CROP YIELD

Abstract

This study investigates the comparative effects of drip irrigation and flood irrigation on water use efficiency (WUE) and tomato crop yield. Conducted in a semi-arid region, the research aimed to assess the efficiency of these irrigation methods in terms of water consumption, yield, and plant health. Results indicate that drip irrigation significantly outperforms flood irrigation, with a marked reduction in total water consumption, using only 50% of the water required by flood irrigation. Furthermore, tomato yields under drip irrigation were higher, with an average of 3.75 kg/m² compared to 2.85 kg/m² under flood irrigation. Water use efficiency was substantially greater for drip irrigation (0.0083 kg/L) compared to flood irrigation (0.0032 kg/L). Physiological parameters, including leaf area, plant height, and chlorophyll content, were also superior under drip irrigation, suggesting enhanced plant health and growth. Soil moisture content measurements revealed that drip irrigation maintained more consistent moisture levels at varying depths (10 cm, 20 cm, and 30 cm), whereas flood irrigation showed significant fluctuations. These findings provide compelling evidence that drip irrigation is a more water-efficient and productive irrigation method, particularly in regions facing water scarcity. The study underscores the importance of adopting water-efficient irrigation systems to optimize crop production while conserving water resources. The results of this research contribute valuable insights for farmers and policymakers aiming to improve agricultural sustainability in the context of global water shortages.